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Sen. Graham Announces Support For Sotomayor As Republicans Continue To Weigh Votes
Sen. Lindsey Graham (R-S.C.) on Wednesday said he intends to vote for Supreme Court nominee Sonia Sotomayor, making him the fifth Republican senator to endorse the nominee, USA Today reports. Meanwhile, Senate Minority Whip Jon Kyl (R-Ariz.) became the 10th Republican to say that he will vote against her confirmation. During Sotomayor"s confirmation hearings last week, both Graham and Kyl "grilled her extensively," USA Today reports (Kiely/Brettschneider, USA Today, 7/23). According to Politico, Republicans privately estimate that Sotomayor could receive upward of 70 votes (Kady, Politico, 7/23). The Senate Judiciary Committee is scheduled to vote on the nomination Tuesday, followed by a full Senate vote late next week or the first week of August (Stanton, Roll Call, 7/22).According to CQ Today, Graham"s support could encourage other conservatives to back Sotomayor (Perine, CQ Today, 7/22). Graham said that Sotomayor "is definitely more liberal" than any Supreme Court nominee a Republican president would have chosen but that she also is "one of the most qualified" nominees in decades. He added, "I do believe that elections have consequences, and it"s not like we hid from the American people during the campaign that the Supreme Court nomination was at stake. The American people spoke" (USA Today, 7/23). Graham also said that he believes that Sotomayor "follows precedent" and "would not be an activist judge" (CQ Today, 7/22). He continued, "On balance, I do believe that the court will not dramatically change in terms of ideology with her selection," adding, "On some issues, quite frankly, (she) may be more balanced in her approach" (Hirschfeld Davis, AP/Boston Globe, 7/22).Kyl said, "Unfortunately, I have not been persuaded that Judge Sotomayor is absolutely committed to setting aside her biases and impartially deciding cases based upon the rule of law," adding, "And I cannot ignore her unwillingness to answer senators" questions straightforwardly" (Politico, 7/23).Broadcast Coverage NPR"s "All Things Considered" on Wednesday reported on Graham"s support of Sotomayor (Shapiro, "All Things Considered," NPR, 7/22).
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Medtronic-Supported Clinical Trial Shows ICD Patients Less Likely To Develop Need For Pacing When Device Uses MVP(R) Mode
MVP® (Managed Ventricular Pacing), exclusive programming on Medtronic pacemakers, which is proven to be effective in reducing unnecessary pacing in pacemaker patients, was applied in the MVP Trial of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) patients. Data from MVP trial, sponsored by Medtronic, Inc. (NYSE: MDT), were presented today as a late breaking clinical trial at Heart Rhythm 2009, the annual scientific sessions of the Heart Rhythm Society.
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Bacterial 'Sex' Causes Antibiotic Resistance
Some disease-causing bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics because they have peculiar sex lives, say researchers publishing new results in the journal Science. The new study helps scientists understand how bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics, which is a major challenge for those treating infectious diseases, say the authors from Imperial College London.
Oncology

In Mouse Study Immune Cells Ameliorate Hypertension-Induced Cardiac Damage

Researchers in Berlin, Germany have found that a specific type of immune cell, the regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) plays an important role in hypertension-induced cardiac damage. The injected Treg that they harvested from donor mice into recipient mice were infused with angiotensin II, a blood pressure-raising peptide. The Tregs had no influence on the blood pressure response to angiotensin II. Nonetheless, cardiac enlargement, fibrosis, and inflammation was sharply reduced by Treg treatment. Furthermore, the tendency to develop abnormal heart rhythms that could lead to sudden cardiac death was also reduced. Dr. Heda Kvakan and Dr. Dominik N. MÃøller at the Experimental and Clinical Research Center at the Max DelbrÃøck Center do not intend Treg as a therapy. However, a better understanding of how the immune system fits into hypertension-induced organ damage could result from these studies (Circulation, Vol. 119, No. 22, June 9, 2009, 2904-2912 ).* The researchers transferred Treg cells into mice. These cells normally keep the immune system in balance. If the number of Treg cells is reduced or their function impaired, the immune system gets out of balance and, rather than recognizing and destroying bacteria or viruses, the immune cells attack body tissue or organs instead. Autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes type I or Multiple sclerosis, result from the malfunctioning of the immune system. Aside from its physiological role in maintaining blood pressure, it has long been known that the hormone angiotensin II plays a pivotal role in the onset of hypertension and in subsequnt hypertensive organ damage, e.g. cardiac hypertrophy. Angiotensin II also has proinflammatory properties and actives the cells of the immune system. The activation of these cells also seems to have a major part in Angiotension II-induced target organ damage. The researchers wanted to know if the suppression of activated immune cells by Treg cells could reduce cardiac damage. And indeed, hypertensive mice that had received Treg cells, exhibited less cardiac damage. "Hypertrophy and the thickening of the cardiac walls were reduced, also fibrosis and arrhythmia", Dr. Kvakan explains. The Treg cells had brought the immune cells under their control. The work of Dr. Kvakan and Dr. MÃøller is the first study to examine the role of immunosuppressive Treg cells in the pathogenesis of hypertensive target organ damage. They conclude that hypertension-induced cardiac damage is partly due to immunological processes. No Therapy The two hypertension researchers make it clear that their experiments with Treg cells in mice are in no case suited for therapy in humans. One reason is that Treg cells are much more difficult to identify in humans than in mice. In addition, it is not known what side effects would occur in human patients following suppression of the immune system with Treg cells . Nevertheless, Dr. Kvakan and Dr. MÃøller point out that hypertension can be treated well today. It remains to be seen, if Treg cells will ever be used for short-time therapy. However, perhaps the body"s own Treg could be recruited as a treatment. *Regulatory T Cells Ameliorate Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Damage. Heda Kvakan, MD; Markus Kleinewietfeld, PhD; Fatimunnisa Qadri, PhD; Joon-Keun Park, PhD; Robert Fischer, MD; Ines Schwarz, MS; Hans-Peter Rahn, PhD; Ralph Plehm, MS; Maren Wellner, PhD; Saban Elitok, MD; Petra Gratze, MD; Ralf Dechend, MD; Friedrich C. Luft, MD; Dominik N. Muller, PhD Barbara Bachtler Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres


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